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BJSM blog social media leading SEM voice Blog Archive E,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych]
The following E-Letter is a response to The effect of three different levels of footwear stability onpain outcomes in women runners: a randomised control trial ,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych]. Abstract | Full article
Ryan et al (1) provide empirical evidence that standards for running shoes in relation to foot posture are far from convincing. In particular,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], a sophisticated and expensive motion-control design intended for highly pronated feet was less effective than more basic shoes in minimizing injuries and pain to all categories of foot. This outcome echoes Richards et al (2) recent negative review regarding the role of shoe design in reducing injury.
I wrote a rapid response (3) to the latter paper suggesting that the origin of the conundrum may not reside only in biomechanics,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], but rather there may be a psychological element concerning the individual interpretation of risk. The extreme form of this conceptualisation is homeostasis whereby it is argued that the individual a fixed level of perceived risk to govern his/her performance on any given activity (4,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych],5). The psycholigical mechanisms by which risk is perceived and affects behaviour remain speculative; one model is based on low-level learning of the outcomes of competing tendencies in beviour (6). The typical activity to which the conceptualisation is applied has been road- travel and reflects the observation that may safety features do not maintain their benefit over time: drivers squander safety benefits in less careful driving,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], as reflected for example in greater and more erratic speeds. Two examples concern seat-belts and ABS brakes (5,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych],6,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych],7).
As applied to running,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], the implication is that greater sophistication in shoe design reduces the perceived likelihood of potential injury; however,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], the consequence may be an increase in risky running behaviour. For example,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], the runner may pay more attention to uneven surfaces when wearing a less sophisticated design of shoe,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], but determine that a more sophisticated design deals adequately in equivalent circumstances; if this is not the case then more pain and injuries will result from the more sophisticated design.
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